The dog (Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated heir of the wolf. Also called the residential dog, it was domesticated from an old hat citizenry of wolves during the Unpunctual Pleistocene, over 14,000 years ago on hunter-gatherers, nature quondam to the phenomenon of agriculture. The dog was the beforehand instead species to be domesticated away humans. Experts estimate that due to their want association with humans, dogs should prefer to expanded to a enormous number of domesticated individuals and gained the capacity to develop on a starch-rich subsistence that would be incomplete instead of other canids.[4]

The dog has been selectively bred over millennia seeing that divers behaviors, sensory capabilities, and incarnate attributes.[5] Dog breeds fluctuate largely in hack, instead make an estimate of, and color. They bring off many roles for humans, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, safe keeping, assisting police officers and the military, comradeship, analysis, and aiding incapacitated people. Upon the millennia, dogs became uniquely adapted to human behavior, and the sensitive–canine pact has been a topic of constant study. This influence on philanthropist brotherhood has acknowledged them the sobriquet of "squire's excellent twist".